Public Act 104-0288
 
HB3247 EnrolledLRB104 11044 LNS 21126 b

    AN ACT concerning education.
 
    Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
represented in the General Assembly:
 
    Section 5. The School Code is amended by adding Section
22-105 and by changing Section 27A-5 as follows:
 
    (105 ILCS 5/22-105 new)
    Sec. 22-105. Denial of free education prohibited.
    (a) The purpose of this Section is to secure the right of
every child to equal access to a free public education and a
school that is safe from intimidation and fear, consistent
with the landmark United States Supreme Court decision in
Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982), as in effect on January 1,
2025, which held that it is unconstitutional for states to
deny children a free public education based on immigration
status. In their efforts to promote the right to educational
equality established in Plyler, schools must take steps to
protect the integrity of school learning environments for all
children, so that no parent is discouraged from sending and no
child is discouraged from attending school, including from the
threat of immigration enforcement or other law enforcement
activity on a school campus.
    (b) As used in this Section:
    "Citizenship or immigration status" means all matters
regarding citizenship of the United States or any other
country or the authority or lack thereof to reside in or
otherwise to be present in the United States, including an
individual's nationality and country of citizenship.
    "Law enforcement agent" means an agent of federal, State,
or local law enforcement authorized with the power to arrest
or detain individuals or manage the custody of detained
individuals for a law enforcement purpose, including civil
immigration enforcement. "Law enforcement agent" does not
include a school resource officer as defined in Section
10-20.68 of this Code.
    "Nonjudicial warrant" means a warrant issued by a federal,
State, or local agency authorized with the power to arrest or
detain individuals or manage the custody of detained
individuals for any law enforcement purpose, including civil
immigration enforcement. "Nonjudicial warrant" includes an
immigration detainer or civil immigration warrant as defined
in the Illinois TRUST Act. "Nonjudicial warrant" does not
include a criminal warrant issued upon a judicial
determination of probable cause, in compliance with the
requirements of the Fourth Amendment to the United States
Constitution and Section 6 of Article I of the Illinois
Constitution.
    "Prevailing party" includes any party:
        (1) who obtains some of his or her requested relief
    through a judicial judgment in his or her favor;
        (2) who obtains some of his or her requested relief
    through a settlement agreement approved by the court; or
        (3) whose pursuit of a non-frivolous claim was a
    catalyst for a unilateral change in position by the
    opposing party relative to the relief sought.
    "School" means every public school, school district, and
governing body, including a special charter district or
charter school, organized under this Code, and its agents,
including a contracted party.
    (c) No child may be denied a free public education through
secondary school while in this State based on the child's
perceived or actual immigration status or the child's parent's
or guardian's perceived or actual citizenship or immigration
status.
        (1) A school must not exclude a child from
    participation in or deny a child the benefits of any
    program or activity on the grounds of that child's
    perceived or actual immigration status or the child's
    parent's or guardian's actual or perceived citizenship or
    immigration status.
        (2) A school must not use policies or procedures or
    engage in practices that have the effect of excluding a
    child from participation in or denying the benefits of any
    program or activity or the effect of excluding
    participation of the child's parent or guardian from
    parental engagement activities or programs because of the
    child's perceived or actual immigration status or the
    child's parent's or guardian's actual or perceived
    immigration status. These policies, procedures, and
    practices include:
            (A) requesting or collecting information or
        documentation from a student or the student's parent
        or guardian about citizenship or immigration status
        unless required by State or federal law; and
            (B) designating immigration status, citizenship,
        place of birth, nationality, or national origin as
        directory information, as that term is defined by
        federal and State law.
        (3) A school must not perform any of the following
    actions:
            (A) Threaten to disclose anything related to the
        actual or perceived citizenship or immigration status
        of a child or a person associated with the child to any
        other person or entity or an immigration or law
        enforcement agency.
            (B) Disclose anything related to the perceived
        citizenship or immigration status of a child or a
        person associated with the child to any other person
        or entity or an immigration or law enforcement agency
        if the school does not have direct knowledge of the
        child's or associated person's actual citizenship or
        immigration status, subject to the requirements of
        this paragraph (3).
            (C) Disclose anything related to the actual
        citizenship or immigration status of a child or a
        person associated with the child to any other person
        or nongovernmental entity if the school has direct
        knowledge of the child's or associated person's actual
        citizenship or immigration status, subject to the
        requirements of this paragraph (3).
        Nothing in subparagraphs (B) and (C) of this paragraph
    (3) may be construed to permit the disclosure of student
    records or information without complying with State and
    federal requirements governing the disclosure of such
    records or information. Subparagraphs (B) and (C) of this
    paragraph (3) may not be construed to prohibit or restrict
    an entity from sending to or receiving from the United
    States Department of Homeland Security or any other
    federal, State, or local governmental entity information
    regarding the citizenship or immigration status of an
    individual under Sections 1373 and 1644 of Title 8 of the
    United States Code.
        (4) A school must develop procedures for reviewing and
    authorizing requests from law enforcement agents
    attempting to enter a school or school facility by July 1,
    2026. The procedures must comply with the requirements of
    paragraph (2) of this subsection (c), and, at a minimum,
    include the following:
            (A) procedures for reviewing and contacting a
        designated authorized person at the school or school
        facility and the district superintendent's office or
        school administrative office, who may contact the
        school's legal counsel, and procedures for that
        authorized person or legal counsel to review requests
        to enter a school or school facility, including
        judicial warrants, nonjudicial warrants, and
        subpoenas;
            (B) procedures for monitoring or accompanying and
        procedures for documenting all interactions with law
        enforcement agents while on the school's premises; and
            (C) procedures for notifying and seeking consent
        from a student's parents or guardian or from the
        student if the student is 18 years old or older or
        emancipated if a law enforcement agent requests access
        to a student for immigration enforcement purposes,
        unless such access is in compliance with a judicial
        warrant or subpoena that restricts the disclosure of
        the information to the student's parent or guardian.
        This paragraph (4) is subject to subsection (c) of
    Section 22-88 of this Code.
    (d) A school shall adopt a policy for complying with
paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of subsection (c) by July 1,
2026.
    (e) Beginning July 1, 2026, any party aggrieved by conduct
that violates subsection (c) may bring a civil lawsuit. This
lawsuit must be brought no later than 2 years after the
violation of subsection (c). If the court finds that a willful
violation of paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (c) has
occurred, the court may award actual damages. The court, as it
deems appropriate, may grant, as relief, any permanent or
preliminary negative or mandatory injunction, temporary
restraining order, or other order.
    (f) Nothing in this Section may be construed to require an
exhaustion of the administrative complaint process before
civil law remedies may be pursued.
    (g) Upon a motion, a court shall award reasonable
attorney's fees and costs, including expert witness fees and
other litigation expenses, to a plaintiff who is a prevailing
party in any action brought under subsection (c). In awarding
reasonable attorney's fees, the court shall consider the
degree to which the relief obtained relates to the relief
sought.
    (h) The General Assembly finds and declares that this
Section is a State law within the meaning of subsection (d) of
Section 1621 of Title 8 of the United States Code.
 
    (105 ILCS 5/27A-5)
    (Text of Section before amendment by P.A. 102-466)
    Sec. 27A-5. Charter school; legal entity; requirements.
    (a) A charter school shall be a public, nonsectarian,
nonreligious, non-home based, and non-profit school. A charter
school shall be organized and operated as a nonprofit
corporation or other discrete, legal, nonprofit entity
authorized under the laws of the State of Illinois.
    (b) A charter school may be established under this Article
by creating a new school or by converting an existing public
school or attendance center to charter school status. In all
new applications to establish a charter school in a city
having a population exceeding 500,000, operation of the
charter school shall be limited to one campus. This limitation
does not apply to charter schools existing or approved on or
before April 16, 2003.
    (b-5) (Blank).
    (c) A charter school shall be administered and governed by
its board of directors or other governing body in the manner
provided in its charter. The governing body of a charter
school shall be subject to the Freedom of Information Act and
the Open Meetings Act. A charter school's board of directors
or other governing body must include at least one parent or
guardian of a pupil currently enrolled in the charter school
who may be selected through the charter school or a charter
network election, appointment by the charter school's board of
directors or other governing body, or by the charter school's
Parent Teacher Organization or its equivalent.
    (c-5) No later than January 1, 2021 or within the first
year of his or her first term, every voting member of a charter
school's board of directors or other governing body shall
complete a minimum of 4 hours of professional development
leadership training to ensure that each member has sufficient
familiarity with the board's or governing body's role and
responsibilities, including financial oversight and
accountability of the school, evaluating the principal's and
school's performance, adherence to the Freedom of Information
Act and the Open Meetings Act, and compliance with education
and labor law. In each subsequent year of his or her term, a
voting member of a charter school's board of directors or
other governing body shall complete a minimum of 2 hours of
professional development training in these same areas. The
training under this subsection may be provided or certified by
a statewide charter school membership association or may be
provided or certified by other qualified providers approved by
the State Board.
    (d) For purposes of this subsection (d), "non-curricular
health and safety requirement" means any health and safety
requirement created by statute or rule to provide, maintain,
preserve, or safeguard safe or healthful conditions for
students and school personnel or to eliminate, reduce, or
prevent threats to the health and safety of students and
school personnel. "Non-curricular health and safety
requirement" does not include any course of study or
specialized instructional requirement for which the State
Board has established goals and learning standards or which is
designed primarily to impart knowledge and skills for students
to master and apply as an outcome of their education.
    A charter school shall comply with all non-curricular
health and safety requirements applicable to public schools
under the laws of the State of Illinois. The State Board shall
promulgate and post on its Internet website a list of
non-curricular health and safety requirements that a charter
school must meet. The list shall be updated annually no later
than September 1. Any charter contract between a charter
school and its authorizer must contain a provision that
requires the charter school to follow the list of all
non-curricular health and safety requirements promulgated by
the State Board and any non-curricular health and safety
requirements added by the State Board to such list during the
term of the charter. Nothing in this subsection (d) precludes
an authorizer from including non-curricular health and safety
requirements in a charter school contract that are not
contained in the list promulgated by the State Board,
including non-curricular health and safety requirements of the
authorizing local school board.
    (e) Except as otherwise provided in the School Code, a
charter school shall not charge tuition; provided that a
charter school may charge reasonable fees for textbooks,
instructional materials, and student activities.
    (f) A charter school shall be responsible for the
management and operation of its fiscal affairs, including, but
not limited to, the preparation of its budget. An audit of each
charter school's finances shall be conducted annually by an
outside, independent contractor retained by the charter
school. The contractor shall not be an employee of the charter
school or affiliated with the charter school or its authorizer
in any way, other than to audit the charter school's finances.
To ensure financial accountability for the use of public
funds, on or before December 1 of every year of operation, each
charter school shall submit to its authorizer and the State
Board a copy of its audit and a copy of the Form 990 the
charter school filed that year with the federal Internal
Revenue Service. In addition, if deemed necessary for proper
financial oversight of the charter school, an authorizer may
require quarterly financial statements from each charter
school.
    (g) A charter school shall comply with all provisions of
this Article, the Illinois Educational Labor Relations Act,
all federal and State laws and rules applicable to public
schools that pertain to special education and the instruction
of English learners, and its charter. A charter school is
exempt from all other State laws and regulations in this Code
governing public schools and local school board policies;
however, a charter school is not exempt from the following:
        (1) Sections 10-21.9 and 34-18.5 of this Code
    regarding criminal history records checks and checks of
    the Statewide Sex Offender Database and Statewide Murderer
    and Violent Offender Against Youth Database of applicants
    for employment;
        (2) Sections 10-20.14, 10-22.6, 22-100, 24-24, 34-19,
    and 34-84a of this Code regarding discipline of students;
        (3) the Local Governmental and Governmental Employees
    Tort Immunity Act;
        (4) Section 108.75 of the General Not For Profit
    Corporation Act of 1986 regarding indemnification of
    officers, directors, employees, and agents;
        (5) the Abused and Neglected Child Reporting Act;
        (5.5) subsection (b) of Section 10-23.12 and
    subsection (b) of Section 34-18.6 of this Code;
        (6) the Illinois School Student Records Act;
        (7) Section 10-17a of this Code regarding school
    report cards;
        (8) the P-20 Longitudinal Education Data System Act;
        (9) Section 27-23.7 of this Code regarding bullying
    prevention;
        (10) Section 2-3.162 of this Code regarding student
    discipline reporting;
        (11) Sections 22-80 and 27-8.1 of this Code;
        (12) Sections 10-20.60 and 34-18.53 of this Code;
        (13) Sections 10-20.63 and 34-18.56 of this Code;
        (14) Sections 22-90 and 26-18 of this Code;
        (15) Section 22-30 of this Code;
        (16) Sections 24-12 and 34-85 of this Code;
        (17) the Seizure Smart School Act;
        (18) Section 2-3.64a-10 of this Code;
        (19) Sections 10-20.73 and 34-21.9 of this Code;
        (20) Section 10-22.25b of this Code;
        (21) Section 27-9.1a of this Code;
        (22) Section 27-9.1b of this Code;
        (23) Section 34-18.8 of this Code;
        (25) Section 2-3.188 of this Code;
        (26) Section 22-85.5 of this Code;
        (27) subsections (d-10), (d-15), and (d-20) of Section
    10-20.56 of this Code;
        (28) Sections 10-20.83 and 34-18.78 of this Code;
        (29) Section 10-20.13 of this Code;
        (30) Section 28-19.2 of this Code;
        (31) Section 34-21.6 of this Code;
        (32) Section 22-85.10 of this Code;
        (33) Section 2-3.196 of this Code;
        (34) Section 22-95 of this Code;
        (35) Section 34-18.62 of this Code;
        (36) the Illinois Human Rights Act; and
        (37) Section 2-3.204 of this Code.
    The change made by Public Act 96-104 to this subsection
(g) is declaratory of existing law.
    (h) A charter school may negotiate and contract with a
school district, the governing body of a State college or
university or public community college, or any other public or
for-profit or nonprofit private entity for: (i) the use of a
school building and grounds or any other real property or
facilities that the charter school desires to use or convert
for use as a charter school site, (ii) the operation and
maintenance thereof, and (iii) the provision of any service,
activity, or undertaking that the charter school is required
to perform in order to carry out the terms of its charter.
Except as provided in subsection (i) of this Section, a school
district may charge a charter school reasonable rent for the
use of the district's buildings, grounds, and facilities. Any
services for which a charter school contracts with a school
district shall be provided by the district at cost. Any
services for which a charter school contracts with a local
school board or with the governing body of a State college or
university or public community college shall be provided by
the public entity at cost.
    (i) In no event shall a charter school that is established
by converting an existing school or attendance center to
charter school status be required to pay rent for space that is
deemed available, as negotiated and provided in the charter
agreement, in school district facilities. However, all other
costs for the operation and maintenance of school district
facilities that are used by the charter school shall be
subject to negotiation between the charter school and the
local school board and shall be set forth in the charter.
    (j) A charter school may limit student enrollment by age
or grade level.
    (k) If the charter school is authorized by the State
Board, then the charter school is its own local education
agency.
(Source: P.A. 102-51, eff. 7-9-21; 102-157, eff. 7-1-22;
102-360, eff. 1-1-22; 102-445, eff. 8-20-21; 102-522, eff.
8-20-21; 102-558, eff. 8-20-21; 102-676, eff. 12-3-21;
102-697, eff. 4-5-22; 102-702, eff. 7-1-23; 102-805, eff.
1-1-23; 102-813, eff. 5-13-22; 103-154, eff. 6-30-23; 103-175,
eff. 6-30-23; 103-472, eff. 8-1-24; 103-605, eff. 7-1-24;
103-641, eff. 7-1-24; 103-806, eff. 1-1-25; revised 10-9-24.)
 
    (Text of Section after amendment by P.A. 102-466)
    Sec. 27A-5. Charter school; legal entity; requirements.
    (a) A charter school shall be a public, nonsectarian,
nonreligious, non-home based, and non-profit school. A charter
school shall be organized and operated as a nonprofit
corporation or other discrete, legal, nonprofit entity
authorized under the laws of the State of Illinois.
    (b) A charter school may be established under this Article
by creating a new school or by converting an existing public
school or attendance center to charter school status. In all
new applications to establish a charter school in a city
having a population exceeding 500,000, operation of the
charter school shall be limited to one campus. This limitation
does not apply to charter schools existing or approved on or
before April 16, 2003.
    (b-5) (Blank).
    (c) A charter school shall be administered and governed by
its board of directors or other governing body in the manner
provided in its charter. The governing body of a charter
school shall be subject to the Freedom of Information Act and
the Open Meetings Act. A charter school's board of directors
or other governing body must include at least one parent or
guardian of a pupil currently enrolled in the charter school
who may be selected through the charter school or a charter
network election, appointment by the charter school's board of
directors or other governing body, or by the charter school's
Parent Teacher Organization or its equivalent.
    (c-5) No later than January 1, 2021 or within the first
year of his or her first term, every voting member of a charter
school's board of directors or other governing body shall
complete a minimum of 4 hours of professional development
leadership training to ensure that each member has sufficient
familiarity with the board's or governing body's role and
responsibilities, including financial oversight and
accountability of the school, evaluating the principal's and
school's performance, adherence to the Freedom of Information
Act and the Open Meetings Act, and compliance with education
and labor law. In each subsequent year of his or her term, a
voting member of a charter school's board of directors or
other governing body shall complete a minimum of 2 hours of
professional development training in these same areas. The
training under this subsection may be provided or certified by
a statewide charter school membership association or may be
provided or certified by other qualified providers approved by
the State Board.
    (d) For purposes of this subsection (d), "non-curricular
health and safety requirement" means any health and safety
requirement created by statute or rule to provide, maintain,
preserve, or safeguard safe or healthful conditions for
students and school personnel or to eliminate, reduce, or
prevent threats to the health and safety of students and
school personnel. "Non-curricular health and safety
requirement" does not include any course of study or
specialized instructional requirement for which the State
Board has established goals and learning standards or which is
designed primarily to impart knowledge and skills for students
to master and apply as an outcome of their education.
    A charter school shall comply with all non-curricular
health and safety requirements applicable to public schools
under the laws of the State of Illinois. The State Board shall
promulgate and post on its Internet website a list of
non-curricular health and safety requirements that a charter
school must meet. The list shall be updated annually no later
than September 1. Any charter contract between a charter
school and its authorizer must contain a provision that
requires the charter school to follow the list of all
non-curricular health and safety requirements promulgated by
the State Board and any non-curricular health and safety
requirements added by the State Board to such list during the
term of the charter. Nothing in this subsection (d) precludes
an authorizer from including non-curricular health and safety
requirements in a charter school contract that are not
contained in the list promulgated by the State Board,
including non-curricular health and safety requirements of the
authorizing local school board.
    (e) Except as otherwise provided in the School Code, a
charter school shall not charge tuition; provided that a
charter school may charge reasonable fees for textbooks,
instructional materials, and student activities.
    (f) A charter school shall be responsible for the
management and operation of its fiscal affairs, including, but
not limited to, the preparation of its budget. An audit of each
charter school's finances shall be conducted annually by an
outside, independent contractor retained by the charter
school. The contractor shall not be an employee of the charter
school or affiliated with the charter school or its authorizer
in any way, other than to audit the charter school's finances.
To ensure financial accountability for the use of public
funds, on or before December 1 of every year of operation, each
charter school shall submit to its authorizer and the State
Board a copy of its audit and a copy of the Form 990 the
charter school filed that year with the federal Internal
Revenue Service. In addition, if deemed necessary for proper
financial oversight of the charter school, an authorizer may
require quarterly financial statements from each charter
school.
    (g) A charter school shall comply with all provisions of
this Article, the Illinois Educational Labor Relations Act,
all federal and State laws and rules applicable to public
schools that pertain to special education and the instruction
of English learners, and its charter. A charter school is
exempt from all other State laws and regulations in this Code
governing public schools and local school board policies;
however, a charter school is not exempt from the following:
        (1) Sections 10-21.9 and 34-18.5 of this Code
    regarding criminal history records checks and checks of
    the Statewide Sex Offender Database and Statewide Murderer
    and Violent Offender Against Youth Database of applicants
    for employment;
        (2) Sections 10-20.14, 10-22.6, 22-100, 24-24, 34-19,
    and 34-84a of this Code regarding discipline of students;
        (3) the Local Governmental and Governmental Employees
    Tort Immunity Act;
        (4) Section 108.75 of the General Not For Profit
    Corporation Act of 1986 regarding indemnification of
    officers, directors, employees, and agents;
        (5) the Abused and Neglected Child Reporting Act;
        (5.5) subsection (b) of Section 10-23.12 and
    subsection (b) of Section 34-18.6 of this Code;
        (6) the Illinois School Student Records Act;
        (7) Section 10-17a of this Code regarding school
    report cards;
        (8) the P-20 Longitudinal Education Data System Act;
        (9) Section 27-23.7 of this Code regarding bullying
    prevention;
        (10) Section 2-3.162 of this Code regarding student
    discipline reporting;
        (11) Sections 22-80 and 27-8.1 of this Code;
        (12) Sections 10-20.60 and 34-18.53 of this Code;
        (13) Sections 10-20.63 and 34-18.56 of this Code;
        (14) Sections 22-90 and 26-18 of this Code;
        (15) Section 22-30 of this Code;
        (16) Sections 24-12 and 34-85 of this Code;
        (17) the Seizure Smart School Act;
        (18) Section 2-3.64a-10 of this Code;
        (19) Sections 10-20.73 and 34-21.9 of this Code;
        (20) Section 10-22.25b of this Code;
        (21) Section 27-9.1a of this Code;
        (22) Section 27-9.1b of this Code;
        (23) Section 34-18.8 of this Code;
        (24) Article 26A of this Code;
        (25) Section 2-3.188 of this Code;
        (26) Section 22-85.5 of this Code;
        (27) subsections (d-10), (d-15), and (d-20) of Section
    10-20.56 of this Code;
        (28) Sections 10-20.83 and 34-18.78 of this Code;
        (29) Section 10-20.13 of this Code;
        (30) Section 28-19.2 of this Code;
        (31) Section 34-21.6 of this Code;
        (32) Section 22-85.10 of this Code;
        (33) Section 2-3.196 of this Code;
        (34) Section 22-95 of this Code;
        (35) Section 34-18.62 of this Code;
        (36) the Illinois Human Rights Act; and
        (37) Section 2-3.204 of this Code; and .
        (38) Section 22-105 of this Code.
    The change made by Public Act 96-104 to this subsection
(g) is declaratory of existing law.
    (h) A charter school may negotiate and contract with a
school district, the governing body of a State college or
university or public community college, or any other public or
for-profit or nonprofit private entity for: (i) the use of a
school building and grounds or any other real property or
facilities that the charter school desires to use or convert
for use as a charter school site, (ii) the operation and
maintenance thereof, and (iii) the provision of any service,
activity, or undertaking that the charter school is required
to perform in order to carry out the terms of its charter.
Except as provided in subsection (i) of this Section, a school
district may charge a charter school reasonable rent for the
use of the district's buildings, grounds, and facilities. Any
services for which a charter school contracts with a school
district shall be provided by the district at cost. Any
services for which a charter school contracts with a local
school board or with the governing body of a State college or
university or public community college shall be provided by
the public entity at cost.
    (i) In no event shall a charter school that is established
by converting an existing school or attendance center to
charter school status be required to pay rent for space that is
deemed available, as negotiated and provided in the charter
agreement, in school district facilities. However, all other
costs for the operation and maintenance of school district
facilities that are used by the charter school shall be
subject to negotiation between the charter school and the
local school board and shall be set forth in the charter.
    (j) A charter school may limit student enrollment by age
or grade level.
    (k) If the charter school is authorized by the State
Board, then the charter school is its own local education
agency.
(Source: P.A. 102-51, eff. 7-9-21; 102-157, eff. 7-1-22;
102-360, eff. 1-1-22; 102-445, eff. 8-20-21; 102-466, eff.
7-1-25; 102-522, eff. 8-20-21; 102-558, eff. 8-20-21; 102-676,
eff. 12-3-21; 102-697, eff. 4-5-22; 102-702, eff. 7-1-23;
102-805, eff. 1-1-23; 102-813, eff. 5-13-22; 103-154, eff.
6-30-23; 103-175, eff. 6-30-23; 103-472, eff. 8-1-24; 103-605,
eff. 7-1-24; 103-641, eff. 7-1-24; 103-806, eff. 1-1-25;
revised 11-26-24.)
 
    Section 95. No acceleration or delay. Where this Act makes
changes in a statute that is represented in this Act by text
that is not yet or no longer in effect (for example, a Section
represented by multiple versions), the use of that text does
not accelerate or delay the taking effect of (i) the changes
made by this Act or (ii) provisions derived from any other
Public Act.